New Publication: “Engineering Inequality”

Sigrid Luhr. (2024). “Engineering Inequality: Informal Coaching, Glass Walls, and Social Closure in Silicon Valley.” American Journal of Sociology 129(5): 1409-1446. https://doi.org/10.1086/729506

Despite the rise of women’s labor force participation over the last 60 years, the technology industry remains highly segregated by gender. Engineers often think of their work as purely technical. Yet this study highlights the importance of social relationships for career advancement. Drawing on interviews with tech workers, the author traces the unequal career trajectories of men and women. She finds that men without computer science or engineering degrees are informally coached to learn technical skills from their coworkers and transition from nontechnical to technical roles. Women, however, are excluded from these coaching opportunities and steered out of technical roles, effectively barring them from some of the most lucrative positions in the tech industry. These findings highlight new social closure mechanisms that reproduce gender inequality and question whether the educational pipeline can adequately explain women’s underrepresentation in technical roles.

Post-Doc Opportunity:  The Strong Communities Lab in the Department of Sociology and the Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin 

The Strong Communities Lab in the Department of Sociology and the Population Research Center at The University of Texas at Austin has an opening for a 1-year, renewable, post-doctoral researcher beginning in August 2024. 

The Strong Communities Lab investigates the role of nonprofit organizations and government programs in strengthening civic infrastructure in the United States. Ongoing Strong Communities projects include examining the role of nonprofits in confronting social problems such as violence against women or the opioid crisis in the United States; how nonprofits tackle issues of social, racial, and LGBTQ+ justice; and the impact of AmeriCorps Seniors funding on organizational sustainability; among other topics. Projects are mixed-method, use novel administrative data, and incorporate natural language processing. The postdoctoral researcher will collaborate on multiple research projects related to nonprofits, civil society, and strong communities, and work under the supervision of Director Pamela Paxton. 

Postdoctoral Scholar Activities 

• Project research involving quantitative data tasks including data collection, extraction, coding, and analysis. 

• Publish manuscripts and articles based on analyses. 

• Oversee lab management and graduate research assistants. 

• Provide mentoring to graduate students interested in research field. 

Required Qualifications 

• A completed PhD received no more than three years prior to the start date in sociology, nonprofit administration, political science, or related disciplines. 

• Strong verbal and written communication skills, and the ability to work in a team environment, participate actively, and motivate others. 

• Excellent time management skills and ability to work independently. 

• Experience managing and analyzing quantitative data using sophisticated statistical or computer programming techniques, proficiency in R or Stata, and ability to apply rigorous data analysis techniques to real-world problems. 

This position is currently funded for at least 2 years from start date and may therefore be renewed after the first year based upon availability of funding, work performance, and progress toward research goals. The salary for this position will be $70,000+, depending on qualifications. Review of applications will begin on April 1, 2024 and will continue until the position is filled. 

For more information and to apply please visit: 

https://utaustin.wd1.myworkdayjobs.com/UTstaff/job/UT-MAIN-CAMPUS/Postdoctoral-Researcher_R_00032249

Required Materials 

• Cover letter / letter of interest 

• CV that includes the names and contact information for 3 references 

• Research statement 

• Writing sample 

Call for Papers: British Journal of Industrial Relations Special Issue—Technological Change, Power and Work

Aim and Scope

This British Journal of Industrial Relations Special Issue invites contributions that apply comparative perspectives on Technological Change, Power, and Work, with a focus on Europe and North America (specifically the USA and Canada). The Special Issue is based upon two workshop sessions organized by Valeria Pulignano (KU Leuven) and Chris Tilly (UCLA) at the ILERA/LERA World Congress26- 30 June 2024.

Research in sociology and political economy from socio-economic and socio-political traditions on industrial relations and work have broadly investigated the challenges posed by technological change in workplaces, sectors, and countries alike. These topics have been the subject of great interest within the tradition of labour, industrial, and employment relations studies, especially since the work of Braverman (1974). In contrast to the dominant functionalist view, which simplifies and limits the understanding of technical development by assuming that a society’s technology only advances based on its internal efficiency-driven logic (Dunlop, 1958), while also influencing the development of social structure and cultural values to make all industrial societies more similar (Kerr et al., 1973[1960]), studies in the tradition of labour process theories, industrial sociology, and political economy have widely acknowledged that ‘technology is not deterministic and neutral’ (Bélanger and Edwards, 2007: 717), and that industrial relations institutions can play a key role in mediating the effects of such technology. At the same time, these studies have appreciated that technology can ‘offer a more or less favourable ground for job autonomy, control over work, and power’ (Bélanger, 2006: 336) by demonstrating how patterns of management control, worker effort and workplace conflict are tied to the labour process (e.g., Burawoy, 1985), and how much of this control is exercised through the ‘technical and the human organization of work’ (Thompson, 1989: 19). In so doing, these studies have facilitated a deeper understanding of the workers’ experiences of autonomy and the alienating conditions of their work (Blauner, 1964). Such perspectives, therefore, have the potential to explain how the design and implementation of a given technology is likely to shape the balance of power, coercion and legitimation used by management to govern labour in a way that reflects the social context (and the nature of the employment relationship) in which technologies are embedded.

The role of technology is especially topical in our current time of digital transformation that is (re)shaping the traditional way work is organized, the employment relationship is governed, and labour is monitored within (and across) different workplaces, industries, and countries. These changes will doubtless produce new ways of working that in turn potentially reconfigure existing ‘occupations’ by fostering the emergence of new ‘digital talents’, the regulation and governance of which will be informed both by old and new ideas of power and work.

We invite contributions that explore both the theoretical and empirical aspects of different and emerging technologies that are currently transforming workplaces, including both traditional technological tools

like automation and new ones like digitalization, robotization and AI, with particular attention to the technologies affecting frontline workers. Our main focus is on understanding how these technologies are socially integrated within particular sectors and workplaces. We need to consider the power dynamics that drive how work is reorganized and assess their effects on labour, such as work intensification, industrial democracy, and workers’ autonomy and discretion in the workplace. Power is a central interest, and we welcome articles that explore the power of employers, forms of individual and collective resistance and influence by workers and trade unions to negotiate technological change, and interventions by states at both national and supra-national levels. We welcome articles that explore the opportunities and resources available for organised labour to mobilise in countering some of the more deleterious effects of technological change. We also welcome analyses that seek to understand the ways race, gender, immigration status and other demographic and identity attributes affect experiences of, and responses to, the use of these emerging technologies. Accordingly, the Special Issue invites contributions that limit attention to frontline workers in Europe, the USA, and Canada in order to facilitate comparison of these changes across jobs that are at least somewhat similar and economies with relatively similar levels of wealth but very distinct sets of institutions. To further facilitate comparison, we are specifically seeking theoretically driven, empirically rich and policy relevant articles.

We are especially interested in rich empirical contributions that carefully study the processes and dynamics underpinning the social embeddedness of new and old technologies within (and across) contemporary workplaces and sectors. This can involve examining the ideational perspectives and viewpoints. IR literature has widely illustrated how ideas can function as instruments to mobilize and garner public support for the less privileged individuals or groups without established institutional authority (Frege, 2005; Hauptmeier and Heery, 2014; Morgan and Hauptmeier, 2021). We are also interested in theoretical contributions that enable us to advance toward a coherent framework of how and when power dynamics around work matter for identified outcomes around technology at work.

Brief outline of process

Interested contributors will first submit a long abstract (max. 1,000 words, excluding references). The abstract should clearly outline the research question(s) or purpose of the proposed paper, as well as how the paper advances the study of technological change, power, and work in the field of employment and industrial relations. Include a brief description of the empirical analysis used and/or an illustration of the theoretical model to be developed. The deadline for submitting the long abstract is the end of July 2024.

Long abstracts should be sent via email to the Guest Editor (peter.turnbull@bristol.ac.uk). The Guest Editor will evaluate the abstracts and invite full papers from a subset of authors. The deadline for submission of full papers will be 28 February 2025. All full papers will undergo double-blind review. Based on the blind reviews and editors’ choice, a subset of invited papers will be selected for the Special Issue.

Abstracts are due by 31 July 2024.

Complete papers will be due by 28 February 2025.

OOW Virtual Panel on Technology and Work, Occupations, and Inequality

Join our lively discussion of directions for sociological work on prescient topics like AI, work automation, surveillance,  digitization, algorithmic management, and platform work, as well as on the implications for inequality along lines of  class, race/ethnicity, and gender.  

DATE: Thursday, May 2, 2024 

TIME: 10am-11am EST 

Please contact the moderator for the Zoom link at argun@ku.edu

PANELISTS:  

Dr. Ya-Wen Lei, Harvard University. Her recent research focuses on work automation and augmentation, and on techno-state  capitalism. Dr. Lei’s scholarship spans across political sociology, sociology work and labor, economic sociology, and science and  technology studies. She is the lead of author of “Automation and Augmentation: AI, Robots, and Work,” Annual Review of Sociology (2024) and the author of “Delivering Solidarity: Platform Architecture and Collective Contention in China’s Platform Economy,”  American Sociological Review (2021), “Upgrading China through Automation: Manufacturers, Workers and the Techno Developmental State,” Work, Employment and Society (2022), and The Gilded Cage: Technology, Development, and State  Capitalism in China (Princeton University Press, 2023).  

Dr. Karen Levy, Cornell University. She researches how law and technology interact to regulate social life, with particular focus on  social and organizational aspects of surveillance. Much of Dr. Levy’s research analyzes the uses of monitoring for social control in  various contexts, from long-haul trucking to intimate relationships. She is also interested in how data collection uniquely impacts,  and is contested by, marginalized populations. She is the author of Data Driven: Truckers, Technology, and the New Workplace  

Surveillance (Princeton University Press, 2023) and “Privacy Threats in Intimate Relationships,” Journal of Cybersecurity (2020)  

Dr. Lindsey Cameron, University of Pennsylvania. Her research focuses on how algorithmic management is changing the modern  workplace, with an emphasis on the gig economy. Professor Cameron has an on-going, seven-year ethnography of the largest  sector of the gig economy, the ride-hailing industry, examining how algorithmic management changes managerial control. She is  the author of “The Making of the ‘Good Bad’ Job: How Algorithmic Management Repurposes Workplace Consent through Constant  and Confined Choice,” Administrative Science Quarterly (2024), and “’Making out’ While Driving: Relational and Efficiency Games  in the Gig Economy,” Organization Science (2022). 

Dr. Benjamin Shestakofsky, University of Pennsylvania. His research centers on the relationship between work, technology, organizations, and political economy. Some of his recent projects examine the hidden workers who support AI systems, the governance of digital platforms, and how venture capital affects organizational culture and change in the tech industry. He is the author of Behind the Startup How Venture Capital Shapes Work, Innovation, and Inequality (University of California Press, 2024), and co-author of “Making Platforms Work: Relationship Labor and the Management of Publics,” Theory and Society (2020). 

Moderated by Dr. Argun Saatcioglu, University of Kansas

Upcoming!: THE NORTHEASTERN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CONFERENCE ON ORGANIZATION SCIENCES, April 3.

The annual Northeastern University Qualitative Research Conference will be held virtually on April 3, 2024, from 10am to 1pm EST! The conference is free of charge. Register here.

The aim of the conference is to build a global community of qualitative scholars in order to advance qualitative methods and develop junior scholars. To do so, we have invited a group of amazing qualitative scholars to discuss the following topics: 
 
1) “The dos and don’ts of mixed methods”

Panelists: Kim Elsbach (UC Davis), Siobhan O’Mahony (Boston University), Michael Pratt (Boston College), Aruna Ranganathan (UC Berkeley)

2) “Sharing best practices in qualitative Research: Recommendations from the experts in the field.”

Panelists: Tima Bansal (Ivey), Christine Beckman (University of Southern California), Lindsey Cameron (Wharton), Matthew Grimes (University of Cambridge)

3) Plenary remarks: Kisha Lashley (University of Virgina)

New Book: “Long Live Queer Nightlife” by Amin Ghaziani

It’s closing time for an alarming number of gay bars in cities around the globe—but it’s definitely not the last dance.

In this exhilarating journey into underground parties, pulsating with life and limitless possibility, Amin Ghaziani unveils the unexpected revolution revitalizing urban nightlife. Far from the gay bar with its largely white, gay male clientele, here is a dazzling scene of secret parties—club nights—wherein culture creatives, many of whom are queer, trans, and racial minorities, reclaim the night in the name of those too long left out. Episodic, nomadic, and radically inclusive, club nights are refashioning the organizational format of queer nightlife as a field in boundlessly imaginative and powerfully defiant ways. Drawing on Ghaziani’s immersive encounters at underground parties in London and more than one hundred riveting interviews with everyone from bar owners to party producers, revelers to rabble-rousers, Long Live Queer Nightlife showcases a spectacular, if seldom-seen, vision of a queer world shimmering with self-empowerment, inventiveness, and joy.

Order the book here: https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691253855/long-live-queer-nightlife

New Book: “Behind the Startup-How Venture Capital Shapes Work, Innovation, and Inequality” by Benjamin Shestakofsky

This systematic analysis of everyday life inside a tech startup dissects the logic of venture capital and its consequences for entrepreneurs, workers, and societies.

https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520395039/behind-the-startup

In recent years, dreams about our technological future have soured as digital platforms have undermined privacy, eroded labor rights, and weakened democratic discourse. In light of the negative consequences of innovation, some blame harmful algorithms or greedy CEOs. Behind the Startup focuses instead on the role of capital and the influence of financiers. Drawing on nineteen months of participant-observation research inside a successful Silicon Valley startup, this book examines how the company was organized to meet the needs of the venture capital investors who funded it.

Investors push startups to scale as quickly as possible to inflate the value of their asset. Benjamin Shestakofsky shows how these demands create organizational problems that managers solve by combining high-tech systems with low-wage human labor. With its focus on the financialization of innovation, Behind the Startup explains how the gains generated by these companies are funneled into the pockets of a small cadre of elite investors and entrepreneurs. To promote innovation that benefits the many rather than the few, Shestakofsky compellingly argues that we must focus less on fixing the technology and more on changing the financial infrastructure that supports it.

New Book: “The Interloper: Lessons from Resistance in the Field” by Michel Anteby

Michel Anteby. 2024. The Interloper: Lessons from Resistance in the Field, Princeton University Press.

https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691255378/the-interloper

Resistance is the bane of all field researchers, who are often viewed as interlopers when they enter a community and start asking questions. People obstruct investigations and hide evidence. They shelve complaints, silence dissent, and even forget their own past and deny having done so. How can we learn about a community when its members resist so strongly? The answer is that the resistance itself is sometimes the key. In The Interloper, Michel Anteby explains how community members often disclose more than intended when they close ranks and create obstacles. He draws insights from diverse stories of resistance by uncooperative participants—from Nazi rocket scientists and Harvard professors to Disney union busters and people who secure cadavers for medical school dissection—to reveal how field resistance manifests itself and how researchers can learn from it. He argues that many forms of resistance are retrospectively telling, and that these forms are the routine products, not by-products, of the field. That means that resistance mechanisms are not only indicative of something else happening; instead, they often are the very data points that can shed light on how participants make sense of their worlds.

OOW Book Discussion (Apr 15): “Coerced: Work Under Threat of Punishment”

All OOW members are invited to participate in an informal, online discussion of Erin Hatton’s Coerced: Work Under Threat of Punishment on April 15nd, 12-1pm EST. The conversation will be “book club style”, with everyone welcome to share ideas. (If you’d like to participate but time is short, focus on the introduction & chapter 2.) The book may be available as an e-book from your library, or you can purchase it here.

We hope students and faculty alike come to discuss and meet with fellow OOW members. To register and receive a zoom link, click here.

Questions? Contact Laura Doering (laura.doering@utoronto.ca).

Announcement: Contemporary Capitalism through the Lens of Institutions, SER Cafe, March 14th, 2024

Featuring a conversation with SER authors Carly R. Knight (New York University), and Ann-Christine Schulz (Institute for Digital Transformation and Strategy) and Alexander Himme (Kuehne Logistics University)

Join us for a discussion of contemporary capitalism through institutional studies. Knight, in “Classifying the corporation: the role of naturalizing analogies in American corporate development, 1870–1930,” traces the history of the classification of the corporation and finds that the symbolic privatization of the corporation was the joint product of both liberal and progressive legal theorizing. The “naturalizing analogies” employed by theorists, Knight argues, are critical to understanding the symbolic structure of corporate capitalism. Schulz and Himme, in “Stock market reactions to downsizing announcements: an analysis through an institutional lens”, examine stock market reactions to corporate downsizing using a neo-institutional perspective and demonstrate the performance effects of corporate downsizing and investors’ role in legitimizing this prevalent business practice.

Come and join us to discuss how to understand the current state of capitalism and inequalities from the angle of institutions. The event will take place on Thursday, March 14th, at 8AM PST/11AM EST/4PM CETRegister at this link!

As with all SER Cafe events, we will facilitate a dynamic conversation with the authors. No lengthy talks. Our authors look forward to your questions and comments.